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Nitroaniline
p-nitroaniline
Formula C6H6N2O2
Molecular weight 138.12,
Main characteristics:
Light yellow needle crystal, easy sublimation.
Melting point 148.5 ℃,
Boiling point 331.7 ℃,
The relative density of 1.424 (20 / 4 ℃).
Flash point 199,
Water solubility of 0.0008g. Slightly soluble in cold water, soluble in boiling water, ethanol, ethyl ether, benzene and acid solution.
The toxic materials in the air to allow the concentration of 5mg/m3. Inhalation, oral and skin exposed to harmful.
Toxic highly toxic. Stronger than that of aniline can cause blood poisoning. If there is an organic solvent or in the same time, after drinking, this effect is more intense. For the commencement of the performance of acute poisoning headache, facial flushing, shortness of breath, sometimes accompanied by nausea, vomiting, followed by muscle weakness, cyanosis, weak pulse frequency and shortness of breath. After contact with skin can cause eczema and dermatitis. Rat oral LD50 of 1410mg/kg.
Production methods:
Industrial production of p-nitroaniline. Can be used acetanilide nitration, hydrolysis method can also be used on nitro-chlorobenzene ammonia solution method.
1. With acetanilide as raw material, nitration, hydrolysis obtained.
Consumption of raw materials fixed: acetanilide 1210kg / t; nitric acid (90%) 580kg / t; sulfuric acid 3620kg / t; liquid caustic soda (30%) 660kg / t.
2. In order to right-nitro-chlorobenzene as raw material, can be used autoclave batch method of production, but also can be used pipe reactor continuous production, the yield is at 94% or so.
Consumption of raw materials fixed: right-nitro-chlorobenzene (97%) 1170kg / t; ammonia (28%) 700kg / t.
Usage: p-nitroaniline is a very important intermediate dyestuff industry can be directly used for synthesis of varieties: direct fast black G, direct green B, BE, 2B-2N, dark green NB, Direct Gray D, Acid Black 10B, ATT, Disperse Red P-4G,-yang from the deep yellow 2RL, fur black D, p-phenylenediamine, o-chloro-p-nitroaniline, 2.6-dichloro–4 nitroaniline, 5 – nitro -2 – chloro – phenol, etc. can also be synthesized nitramine chlorine pesticides, medicine Callieu swollen; also an antioxidant, light stabilizer, reagent and other raw materials. Abroad, in order to p-nitroaniline diazonium components for the synthesis of disperse dyes are: C, I Disperse Orange 1,3,7,21 and so on, the red 1,2,7,17 and so on, Blue 259; black 2,3,28 , 29, etc.
The substance is azoic dyes scarlet GG base color can be used as black salt K, for the cotton and linen fabric dyeing and printing purposes. But mainly used for azo dyes intermediates, such as for the production of direct dark green B, Mordant Brown G, Acid Black 10B, Acid Mao Yuan ATT, fur black D, Gray D, etc. directly. Also for pesticides and veterinary drugs intermediates in the pharmaceutical industry can be used to produce niclosamide, Kabbah, swelling, Nitrazepam, quinoline urea sulfate. Can also be used to produce p-phenylenediamine; anti-oxidants and preservatives.

Molecular formula: C4H9KO
MW: 112.25
Chinese name: Potassium tert-butyl alcohol
English name: 2-Propanol, 2-methyl-, potassium salt
2-methyl-2-propano potassium salt
Potassium tert-butoxide
Tert-butyl alcohol, potassium derivative
potassium t-butoxide, ktb
potassium t-butoxide, ktb, in
potassium t-butoxide, ktb, in isobutanol
potassium t-butoxide, ktb, in isopropanol
potassium t-butoxide, ktb, in t-butanol
potassium t-butoxide, ktb, in tetrahydrofuran
potassium-butoxide
potassiumt-butoxide, ktb, intetrahydrofuran
2-Propanol ,2-methyl-, potassium salt
CAS No.: 865-47-4

Acetyl Chloride [CH3COCl = 78.50]
This product is colorless liquid; a pungent odor; be able to smoke, flammable; right has a strong irritating the skin and mucous membranes; in contact with water
Or ethanol-induced severe decomposition. In chloroform, ethyl ether, benzene, petroleum ether, or glacial acetic acid dissolved.
1. Physico-chemical constants of the material:
GB No. 32119
CAS No. 75-36-5
Chinese name of the acetyl chloride
English name of the acetyl chloride; ethanoyl chloride
Alias chloroacetyl; chlorine (of) acetyl
Formula C2H3ClO; CH3CClO colorless fuming liquid, there is a strong irritating odor
Molecular Weight 78.50 vapor pressure 12.1kPa / 0 ℃ Flash point: 4 ℃
Melting point -112 ℃ Boiling point: 51 ℃ Solubility soluble in acetone, ether, acetic acid
Density, relative density (water = 1) 1.11; the relative density (Air = 1) 2.70 stability stability
Risk Marker 7 (flammable liquids), 20 (corrosive substances) mainly used for organic compounds, the manufacture of dyes and drugs
2. Impact on the environment:
A health hazard
Pathways: inhaled, ingested, percutaneous absorption.
Health hazards: The product of the upper respiratory tract irritant, inhalation caused by coughing, chest pain. Mouth and digestive tract burns caused by oral administration.
Two, toxicology information and environmental behavior
Acute toxicity: LC50910mg / kg (rat oral)
Irritation: 20mg, severe stimulation. Rabbits open percutaneous stimulation test: 500mg, mildly stimulating.
Hazardous characteristics: flammable, its vapors can form explosive mixtures with air. The event of fire, high-heat combustion caused the explosion. Minutes in air heated to explain a highly toxic phosgene and hydrogen chloride gas. In contact with water, water vapor or ethanol or even violent reaction to an explosion. Its vapor is heavier than air and can spread to the lower at a far place, met the fire will burn the back.
Combustion (decomposition) products: carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, hydrogen chloride, phosgene.
3. On-site emergency monitoring methods:
4. Laboratory monitoring methods:
In the NN-dimethylformamide conductance using EDTA titration determination of halides and acyl halides [published Japanese] / Yoshimura C.; Hasegawa T. / / Japan Chemical Society .- 1986, (6) .- 775 ~ 779 “Analysis of Chemical Abstracts” 1988.1.
5. Environmental standards:
6. Emergency treatment and disposal methods:
A leakage contingency
Rapid leak contaminated areas evacuated personnel to a safe area and isolation and strict restrictions on access. Cut off the fire source. Recommended emergency personnel wearing positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus, wearing fire protective clothing. Do not direct contact with leakage. Cut off the source of as much as possible leakage, prevent access to sewers, flood discharge trench so restrictive space. A small leak: sand, dry lime or soda ash mixture. Can also use non-flammable dispersant made of latex, wash, lotion diluted into the wastewater system. A large number of leak: to build a causeway or trenching asylum; foam coverage, lower vapor disasters. Explosion-proof pump transferred to tankers or exclusive collector, recycling or shipped to the disposal of waste disposal sites.
Second, protective measures
Respiratory protection: its vapor may come into contact, must wear filter respirators (full cover), or self-contained breathing apparatus. Emergency rescue or evacuation, it is recommended to wear oxygen breathing apparatus.
Eye protection: Respiratory protection, protection has been made.
Physical protection: wear protective clothing tape.
Hand protection: wear rubber gloves.
Other: work site prohibit smoking, eating and drinking. Work complete, take a shower. To maintain good hygiene practices.
3, first-aid measures
Contact with the skin: immediately stripped of contaminated clothing, use soap and water thoroughly washed skin. Medical treatment.
Eye contact: immediately filed eyelid, with large flows of water or saline thoroughly washed at least 15 minutes. Medical treatment.
Inhalation: rapidly from the scene to fresh air. To maintain airway patency. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. If breathing stops, artificial respiration immediately. Medical treatment.
Fresh into: oral intake of water were found to blues or egg white. Medical treatment.
Fire fighting methods: carbon dioxide, dry powder, 1211 fire extinguishing agent, sand. Prohibition of water or foam fire extinguishing.

Also known as 2 – methyl -1 – butene; 2 – methyl-butene; prenyl;
English name 2-methyl-1-butene; methylbutene; methyl butene
Molecular formula CH3CH2 (CH3) C = CH2
MW 70.14
CAS: 563-46-2
Chemistry
Colorless, volatile liquid, unpleasant odor. Melting point -137 ℃ boiling point of 31 ~ 32 ℃, flash point -29 ℃, refractive index of 1.378, the relative density (water = 1) 0.65; do not dissolve in water, soluble in most organic solvents such as ethanol, low flash point flammable liquids.
Uses: used in organic synthesis.

Is normally provided by unsaturated dicarboxylic acid or unsaturated dibasic acid diols of unsaturated diols condensation that has formed ester bond and unsaturated double bonds of the linear polymers. Typically, the polyester-based condensation reaction is carried out at 190 ~ 220 ℃ until it reaches the desired acid value (or viscosity), in the reaction of polyester-based contraction after the end of still hot by adding a certain amount of vinyl monomer, dubbed sticky thick liquid, such a polymer solution is called unsaturated polyester resins.
Chemical raw materials, commonly used in surface thickening, curing, when used as a general paint, layer upon layer stack increases, the curing process the release of styrene and other harmful gases.
Unsaturated polyester resin is a thermosetting resin, the most common one, which is a saturated dicarboxylic acid, unsaturated dicarboxylic acids and diols formed linear condensation polymers, through cross-linking monomer or the formation of active solvent diluted that has a certain viscosity of the resin solution, referred to as UP.
Unsaturated polyester resin performance characteristics:
1. Craft excellent performance. This is not the greatest advantages of unsaturated polyester resins. Can be cured at room temperature, and pressure forming, process performance, flexibility, particularly suitable for large-scale and on-site manufacture of glass fiber reinforced plastic products.
2. Cured resin, a good comprehensive performance. Slightly lower than the mechanical properties of epoxy resin, but better than the phenolic resin. Corrosion resistance, electrical properties and flame resistance can be by selecting the appropriate grade to meet the requirements of resin, resin color of light, can be made into transparent products.
3. Varieties to meet the wide range of lower prices.
4. Drawback is that the curing shrinkage of larger storage period is short, including styrene, irritant gas, the adverse long-term exposure on health.