I abc blog

Nitroaniline
p-nitroaniline
Formula C6H6N2O2
Molecular weight 138.12,
Main characteristics:
Light yellow needle crystal, easy sublimation.
Melting point 148.5 ℃,
Boiling point 331.7 ℃,
The relative density of 1.424 (20 / 4 ℃).
Flash point 199,
Water solubility of 0.0008g. Slightly soluble in cold water, soluble in boiling water, ethanol, ethyl ether, benzene and acid solution.
The toxic materials in the air to allow the concentration of 5mg/m3. Inhalation, oral and skin exposed to harmful.
Toxic highly toxic. Stronger than that of aniline can cause blood poisoning. If there is an organic solvent or in the same time, after drinking, this effect is more intense. For the commencement of the performance of acute poisoning headache, facial flushing, shortness of breath, sometimes accompanied by nausea, vomiting, followed by muscle weakness, cyanosis, weak pulse frequency and shortness of breath. After contact with skin can cause eczema and dermatitis. Rat oral LD50 of 1410mg/kg.
Production methods:
Industrial production of p-nitroaniline. Can be used acetanilide nitration, hydrolysis method can also be used on nitro-chlorobenzene ammonia solution method.
1. With acetanilide as raw material, nitration, hydrolysis obtained.
Consumption of raw materials fixed: acetanilide 1210kg / t; nitric acid (90%) 580kg / t; sulfuric acid 3620kg / t; liquid caustic soda (30%) 660kg / t.
2. In order to right-nitro-chlorobenzene as raw material, can be used autoclave batch method of production, but also can be used pipe reactor continuous production, the yield is at 94% or so.
Consumption of raw materials fixed: right-nitro-chlorobenzene (97%) 1170kg / t; ammonia (28%) 700kg / t.
Usage: p-nitroaniline is a very important intermediate dyestuff industry can be directly used for synthesis of varieties: direct fast black G, direct green B, BE, 2B-2N, dark green NB, Direct Gray D, Acid Black 10B, ATT, Disperse Red P-4G,-yang from the deep yellow 2RL, fur black D, p-phenylenediamine, o-chloro-p-nitroaniline, 2.6-dichloro–4 nitroaniline, 5 – nitro -2 – chloro – phenol, etc. can also be synthesized nitramine chlorine pesticides, medicine Callieu swollen; also an antioxidant, light stabilizer, reagent and other raw materials. Abroad, in order to p-nitroaniline diazonium components for the synthesis of disperse dyes are: C, I Disperse Orange 1,3,7,21 and so on, the red 1,2,7,17 and so on, Blue 259; black 2,3,28 , 29, etc.
The substance is azoic dyes scarlet GG base color can be used as black salt K, for the cotton and linen fabric dyeing and printing purposes. But mainly used for azo dyes intermediates, such as for the production of direct dark green B, Mordant Brown G, Acid Black 10B, Acid Mao Yuan ATT, fur black D, Gray D, etc. directly. Also for pesticides and veterinary drugs intermediates in the pharmaceutical industry can be used to produce niclosamide, Kabbah, swelling, Nitrazepam, quinoline urea sulfate. Can also be used to produce p-phenylenediamine; anti-oxidants and preservatives.